The Mongols The Crimes They Commit Essay - 995 Words

The Mongols are one of the biggest motorcycle gangs and organized crime groups. This writer will examine the Mongols criminal activity to prove that they are an organized crime group. This will be done through the examination of the group’s involvement in racketeering, murder, guns, drugs, and assault. One crime that the Mongols commit that make them an organized crime group is Racketeering. Racketeering is defined as carrying out illegal business activities, usually by an organized crime group. During a three year investigation called Operation Black Rain 38 members of the Mongols were arrested under a federal racketeering indictment, including the gang’s national president, Ruben Cavazos. This operation was led by the Bureau of Alcohol,†¦show more content†¦Another example is in 2008 a member of the Mongols named Christopher Bryan â€Å"Stoney† Ablett killed Mark â€Å"Papa† Guardado, the president of the San Francisco Chapter of the Hells Angel s. Both of them were at a bar in San Francisco near the Hells Angels headquaters when Guardado was informed that Ablett was there and wearing a Mongols vest. Guardado went outside to confront Ablett and a fight broke out. Ablett stabbed Guardado four times and shot him twice, killing him (Berg, 2012). The 2008 racketeering indictment included charges of murder and attempted murder. These charges include the killing of a man with a pool cue by two Mongols named Villain and Danger, because he bad mouthed the gang. The charges also include the shooting of people at Riverside bar in 2007 (Watkins, 2008). Along with racketeering and murder, the Mongols also commit gun violations. The Mongols use guns to help carry out their other crimes. Guns were used by the Mongols to kill the Hells Angels members outside of the casino and they were used by Ablett to kill Guardado. One Mongol was arrested for possession of a hand gun when the police stopped and searched them in Temecula (Burge, 2008). The 2000 infiltration of the Mongols resulted in the confiscation of firearms. Over 70 illegal firearms were seized including an outlawed Mac-10 assault weapon and a sawed-off shotgun (Landsberg, 2000). During the Black Rain OperationShow MoreRelatedMongol Empire and Doc925 Words   |  4 Pagestribe known as the Mongols conquered much of the known world linking Western and Easter Eurasia. The Mongols were a nomadic people until they acknowledged the supreme leader Genghis Khan in 1206. Most historians formulate an arguement based on the question â€Å"The Mongols: How Barbaric Were the â€Å"Barbarians†?† The Mongols were not very barbaric because they had a highly sophisticated military, lived by a code of conduct, and helped improve the lives of those they conquered. The Mongols had a very structuredRead MoreThe Bolshevik Revolution and its Relation to Crime and Punishment1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bolshevik Revolution and its Relation to Crime and Punishment The novel, Crime and Punishment, written by Fyodor Dostoyevsky follows an ex-student, Raskolnikov, through his mental struggles in great psychological detail after he commits murder without reason. Raskolnikov’s mental instability is a parallel to Russia’s long history of unstable and poorly designed government systems. To better understand the events that led up to radical and Slavophile movements in Russia, and to better understandRead MoreDifferent Types Of Street Gangs1868 Words   |  8 PagesSTREET GANGS Abstract This paper explores three different types of street gangs. These gangs are the Black Disciples, the Mongols, and the Bloods and the Crips. The paper talks about the activities that these gangs are involved in, and also covers at least three different topics for each gang. This paper also examines the information that people should know about these certain types of gangs. The paper covers background information of each of these gangs, criminal activities they are involvedRead MoreCauses of Genocide Essay1675 Words   |  7 Pagespart; (d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; (e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group† â€Å"with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group.† But how can crimes of this magnitude occur? Attempting to eradicate an entire group of people, successfully or otherwise, is a tremendous feat. There must be some equally tremendous influences at work, such as justification through denial and mitigation, establishedRead MoreLabeling Theory and Its Impact Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Mongols and the Vagos are all ruthless, â€Å"but the Outlaws are worse in the sense that they give their old ladies, who are their slaves, black eyes and beatings†(Falco, 2013 ). They love breaking society’s norms and getting in trouble. They constantly laugh at death, and treat women as lesser beings, using them mainly as sex instruments. These are a few examples of the many criminal activities that these clubs are involved in. They are considered leaders and contributors of organized crimes (beingRead MoreThe Final Solution Of The World War II2136 Words   |  9 Pagesunderstood or recognised this as a problem and ultimately Hitler’s anti-Semitic policies led to his failure on the military front. During World War II, there were plentiful war crimes committed by the Wehrmacht. Nevertheless, Nazi propaganda had told Wehrmacht soldiers to exterminate the ‘Jewish Bolshevik subhumans, the Mongol Hordes, the Asiatic flood and the red beast’. However, while the major exterminators of civilians behind the front lines amongst the Wehrmacht were the German special armiesRead MoreCriminal Gangs: A Qualitative Research2461 Words   |  10 PagesExperiment Gangs Abstract Criminal gangs are there to rule, they have been there in every community for a long time. Gangs intentions are to commit crimes. Gang leaders oversee extortion, order killings or smuggle drugs. This paper studies gang formation, why individuals join gangs and the negative influence gangs have to the society and the economy. The study focuses on some of the prominent gangs in the world today; it explains the activities of the Russian mafia and other gangs. This paperRead MoreThe Power Of The Russian Kgb2374 Words   |  10 Pagesfinancial state at the time. Germany louses the battle of the bulge and this would have been Hitler’s last chance to really win the war. On April 30th berlin falls to the red army and Hitler is really starting to louse the war so he commits suicide to prevent war crimes being set on him. Because of Hitler’s death Germany surrenders because of the lost cause in his views and there position in the war and Germany surrenders from the war. The bombs are dropped on japan and the casualty rate on the twoRead MoreThe Political Past, Present, and Future of Russia Essay3372 Words   |  14 Pagestoday, instead of Latin alphabet that was used throughout Western Europe. However, the biggest difference between Russian and the west were the contrasting polity developments. During the Middle Ages Russia was occupied by the Mongols. The Mongol dominion inclined Russia towards autocracy and a threat of further invasion triggered Russia to create an autocratic regime, which from their perspective would create a better defensive environment. Russias size and multiculturalRead MoreThe American Liberation Of Japanese Antarctic3227 Words   |  13 Pagesfollowing the Battle of the Philippine Sea.3 The kamikaze were seen by the Japanese as a divine intervention, with k​amikaze m​eaning â€Å"divine wind† in Japanese. The the term relates back to Japanese history; in the thirteenth century a typhoon destroyed a Mongol fleet preparing to invade.4 The Japanese were hoping that the use of kamikaze would prevent an Allied victory in Japan by denying the Americans the ability to successfully use Navy invasion forces.5 In an attack, a manned rocket would drop from 25

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Africa - 922 Words

Introduction Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Africa is the most affected area that it has reverse expected population growth to a net decrease (Oxford Analytica Ltd). Africa is the number one countries with the highest rate of HIV and AIDS among the other fifteen countries (Patel). HIV and AIDS spread among adults, teens, and even to children who know nothing. Around 35 to 42 million people are living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and AIDS all over the world. However, about 25.5 million of the 35 to 42 million people live in Africa. So far in 2003 alone, there has been 2.2 million death in Africa (UNAIDS). With so many deaths in a year, there is more than one funeral happening on a daily basis. This paper first examines the primary root causes then the pertinent consequences of the phenomenon. It will then focus on prospects of decreasing the rapidly spread of AIDS in Africa. Root Causes The first most important root causes of AIDS in Africa is social-economic. Nearly 40 percent of Africas population lives on less than US $1 a day and barely surviving on less than US $2 in a week (Poku). Living in poverty means many families are unable to provide all the proteins and nutrition one body needs. Lack of nutrients to the immune system cause it to weaken and once it fails to work it is unable to resist any virus that attacks it. The second most important cause of AIDS in Africa is the cultural force. Many Africans believes that people whoShow MoreRelatedHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1359 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper explores the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The virus has infected two million adults and children by the year 2005 already. The virus continues to race around the world, and new HIV infections are at 50,000 per year (Martine Peeters, Matthieu Jung, Ahidjo Ayouba) (2013). The fina l outcome of the HIV infection is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). There are many treatments that have developed to help the large numberRead MoreHistory Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome1272 Words   |  6 PagesThe history of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in the United States starts in 1981, the year it became recognized by country as an official new strange disease. By 1982 it was recognized as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It started in San Francisco, with five young homosexual men, they were presented with Pneumonia (PCP). As the year went on there were more reports of homosexual men presenting PCP and some of them were diagnosed with PCP and Kaposi ´s Sarcoma (KS). Others reportsRead MoreModern Day Methods Of Contracting1113 Words   |  5 Pagesdown and defines what SIV is, the different subfields involved, and which species they originate from. The zoonotic transmission of the SIV virus from these non-human primates is discussed as we ll. As a result of these transmissions, the human immunodeficiency virus is brought to life. In this paper, this virus and its journey throughout history will be explained. Also, HIV and the different subfields this virus can be classified in are discussed throughout the research. As well as the where thisRead MoreAids757 Words   |  4 PagesAIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a disease caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The illness alters the immune system, making people much more vulnerable to infections and diseases. This susceptibility worsens as the disease progresses. HIV is found in the body fluids of an infected person (semen and vaginal fluids, blood and breast milk). The virus is passed from one person to another through blood-to-blood and sexual contactRead MoreHiv And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesaffected the world relentlessly for many years in a never-ending circle. HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is the virus that is spread through certain bodily fluids and can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). HIV attacks the immune system by destroying CD4+ T cells, which leaves the person infected with HIV vulnerable to other infections, diseases, and other complications.1 Once this virus is acquired, the human can never fully rid itself of this pathogen. If left untreated, HIV reducesRead More Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Essay912 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Life History The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an obligate intracellular parasite found exclusively in humans. It is responsible for weakening the immune system and leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The first case of AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S. in 1981, and in 1984 it was first proven that HIV caused AIDS. There is currently a pandemic of HIV/AIDS, with the highest incidence rate in Sub-Saharan Africa and the lowest rates inRead MoreHiv And Its Effects On Children1149 Words   |  5 PagesHIV What is HIV? HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. Infection by this virus frequently leads to AIDS – acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Viral infection initially causes a flu-like illness characterized by fever, sore throat, headache, rash, gastrointestinal discomfort, and body aches (mylagias). The virus tends to stay dormant for months or years while it is slowly killing immune cells – especially CD4 cells. Individuals with high viral loads and low CD4 cell counts have high viralRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )901 Words   |  4 PagesThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an obligate intracellular parasite found exclusively in humans. It is responsible for weakening the immune system and leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The first case of AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S. in 1981, and in 1984 it was first proven that HIV caused AIDS. There is currently a pandemic of HIV/AIDS, with the highest incidence rate in Sub-Saharan Africa and the lowest rates in Western Europe and North America, due to better healthcareRead MoreOverview of HIV AIDS704 Words   |  3 PagesOverview of HIV/AIDS 1.1.1 Discovery Records show that Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first observed in the United States in the early 1980’s among healthy young intravenous drug users and gay men, who came down with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP), opportunistic cryptococcal or cytomegalovirus infections and some rare malignancies like Kaposi’s sarcoma that are known to occur in patients with compromised immune system (1). The rising incidences of PCP infections and Kaposi’sRead MoreAIDS/HIV Its Effects on Popular Culture Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesalong with other useful beneficial knowledge and history. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is a lentivirus, meaning that it takes long periods of time after the initial exposure to show symptoms. Human Immunodeficiency Virus is contract-ed through blood-borne pathogens, and HIV is the abbreviation for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Human Immunodeficiency Virus cannot be contracted solely via urine, saliva, or sweat. Human Immunodeficiency Virus may only be contracted from exposure to these fluids if

Dow Chemicals Free Essays

The case is about Dow Chemicals’ bid for the privatization of Petroquimica Bahia Blanca (PBB). PBB, a producer of both Ethylene and Polyethylene in Argentina, is being privatized by the local government. Dow holds a leading market position in Ethylene and Polyethylene, and wants to utilize this opportunity to expand into Argentina. We will write a custom essay sample on Dow Chemicals or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dow has developed a three-stage operational strategy for expansion of its polyethylene operations in Argentina. The acquisition of PBB represents the first stage of the strategy and provides a gateway to the second and third stage. The cash flows from each stage of the project have been valued using the discounted cash flow (DCF) approach. The discount rate for the valuation has been adjusted for the country risk premium, and a modified version of CAPM has been used to calculate a best case and a worst case estimate of the discount rate. This gives us a range of possible acquisition values for PBB. Given that the acquisition also enables Dow to benefit from the from the high cash flows of the second and third stage of the project and that other parties are also interested in the acquisition, it is recommended that Dow bids a relatively high price of $280 million for PBB. Below is a free essay on â€Å"Dow Chemical’s Bid For The Privatization Of Pbb In† from Anti Essays, your source for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples. Dow Chemical’s Bid for the Privatization of PBB in Argentina Executive summary Dow Chemical Company is considering acquiring 51% stake in Petroquimica Bahia Blanca S. A. (PBB) offered by the Government of Argentina. Acquiring PBB is the first stage of Dow’s project of expanding petrochemical business in the country. Dow is required to estimate how much it would offer to meet the requirements of the Argentinean State, overbid competitors but at the same time make the project profitable. The company should also take into account the country risk of Argentina because it is an emerging market with problems with exchange rates stability and freedom of capital repatriation. Dow should offer at least[1] $248. 7 million for PBB. Calculating of resent value of the project allows for increasing the cost of capital (15%) in comparison with similar projects in US (8-10%). The bid will meet all government requirements:       – Price is bigger than $150 million, – Dow currently has enough cash to accomplish the acquisition and offer the guaranty in favor of the Government,       – Net assets of the company are sufficient. The acquisition will allow expanding profitable business in Latin America and increasing attractiveness of the company among investors. The two current competitors of Dow for this acquisition (Perez Companc S. A. nd Copesul) don’t currently meet the requirements of the bid because of the insufficient amount of net worth ($1. 54 billion combined). It’s only 10 days left to offer price. If it is clear that there won’t be any other bidders except for Dow and the two mentioned companies that don’t have enough time to come through all legal procedures to create new company and attract a partner with big net worth, Dow is advised to offer $150 for PBB making the NPV of the project bigger by $98. 7 million. Summary of facts: During the 1990s, the economy of Argentina started to recover after Carlos Menem took power†¦ How to cite Dow Chemicals, Essay examples

Into The Wild By John Krakauer Essay Example For Students

Into The Wild By John Krakauer Essay Obligation to FamilyThe book Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer is a story about a man by the name of Chris McCandless. He is a man who grew up in a DC suburb, graduated college and decides to change the ways of his life. He journeys across the country, and finds his way to Alaska. His means are to leave the material lifestyle and become at one with nature. During Chriss adventure he seems to neglect all communication with his family and over look the fact that they care about his health and future. After Chris graduated high school he traveled the country and seldom kept in touch with his family. After being on the road for weeks Chris finally returned home, but within the next couple of days he would be embarking on his adventure to college in Atlanta, GA. Chris had eight step brothers and sisters and one whole sister by the name of Carine. Carnie and Chris had a close relationship. No matter were Chris went he always found a way to let his sister know that he was OK. Chris graduated college in May and set out on his adventure to Alaska about a month later. Chris told the post office to hold his mail until August first so his family wouldnt get worried. By the time they received the returned mail Chris was already half way to his destination. The last thing Chriss parents received from him were his final grades and a letter thanking them for all that they have done. This is when Chris decided to change his name to Alexander Supertramp, by him doing so it would be extremely difficult for his family to get in touch with him. While Chris traveled the country he stopped in different towns and tried to work for some extra traveling cash. He came across a town in South Dakota called Carthage. He worked for a man by the name of Wayne Westerburg. Chris went by his new name Alex and Westerburg comes to find out, Alexs real name is Chris McCandless. Westerburg says, He never explained why he changed his nameFrom the things he said, you could tell that something wasnt right between him and his family By Westerburg stating this it is safe to say that other people can see the difficult relationship Chris has with his family. During Chriss journey he never really opens up to anyone about his family. He doesnt really show any affection towards them and if any it would be toward his sister Carnie. He writes in a letter to her stating that he is going to divorce his parents. The last time his parents saw him was after his graduation. Chris told his parents I think Im going to disappear for a while and that is the last they ever heard of him again. Chris McCandless to me was a very intelligent but stubborn man. He didnt care about how his family felt. All along his quest to the stampede trail Chris was kind to strangers and others but neglected the fact that his family back home worried about him. In the end Chris became at one with nature but realized that his surroundings (meaning family and friends) are what life is made of Happiness only real when shared. Thus within the story Chris shows very little Obligation to his family.

Poverty and the Environment

Table of Contents Poverty and the environment World poverty Persistence of global poverty Addressing global poverty Benefits of global poverty Reference List Poverty exists when one lacks typical socially acceptable things or possessions. People who are in poverty lack basic needs vary from one context to another. The common understanding of basic needs is things necessary for continued existence. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Poverty and the Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many people around the globe face the problem of poverty. Poverty links to human population and their activities on the environment. The human population affects the environment negatively due to poverty resulting to environmental degradation and a cycle of poverty. Poverty and the environment Poverty and the environment are interlinked as poverty leads to degradation of the environment. On the other hand, the issues of pov erty eradication and degradation of the environment are often treated separately hence failure in addressing the issues effectively and reducing poverty around the globe. Human activities have led to destruction of the environment and the trend shows that there is a bleak future ahead unless the destructive activities on the environment are halted or regulated to avoid destroying the environment further as the future generations are in jeopardy (Ezeonu, 2004). For instance, people living in poverty destroy natural resources such as forests to clear land to plant food. Consequently, deforestation leads to environment challenges like flooding. Moreover, the high number of human population also causes destruction of the environment when people live on land near rivers and clear tracts of forests to inhabit. World poverty Close to forty per cent of the world’s total population live in poverty according to World Bank estimate in 2004(Whitman, 2008). Explosion in population cause s a strain on the environment and pushes millions of people into poverty. Poverty varies from one country to another and poverty in developing countries is dire than in the developed countries. Poverty depends on class, race and gender. For example, more women than men live in poverty (Kendall, 2009). The poor struggle in their lives as they are disadvantaged in the society and often face prejudice of being lazy. Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More World poverty is caused by a number of factors such as inequality of resource distribution, wars and conflicts, natural disasters such as earthquakes, flooding and droughts, degradation of the environment and social inequality among others. It is important to note that the levels of world poverty have reduced with global economic growth but many people are still living in poverty. Persistence of global poverty The reasons for persis tence of world poverty are things such as discriminatory trade policies that favor only the developed countries at the international market and exploit the developing nations hence they are unable to make a profit that can be used in fighting poverty (Wade, 2004). Wars and conflicts that emerge in countries from time to time keep people in poverty for instance the war in Iraq has contributed to high levels of poverty to the citizens. Other factors such as corruption in governments make fighting poverty impossible as a few rich embezzle public funds. The continued unequal distribution of resources confines people to poverty. Furthermore, those born in poor families are unable to breakaway from the cycle as they do not get opportunities to acquire education and thus grow and live in poverty as their poor parents (Pogge, 2008). Addressing global poverty However, world poverty can be addressed by acknowledging that poverty and the environment are connected. Then look for ways of helpi ng people to acquire food without having the need to deforest. If people can access food they are can concentrate on economic activities to improve their situation. Governments should also deal with corruption because it leads to misuse of funds that would have been used to lift the standards of living of the people. The international business laws and policies should also change to give all countries a fair opportunity at the international market. More importantly, people should be empowered through training and given access to loans to start small businesses to gain a source of livelihood.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Poverty and the Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Benefits of global poverty Some countries may favor continued world poverty because it enables them to take advantage of the poor countries that depend on them by exploiting resources in such countries through multinational corpora tions. The organizations in such countries that concern themselves with the issue of poverty may never want to see poverty eradicated because they would not have any business and many of their employees would become jobless. The countries may also want poverty to continue so that they can lend loans with high interest to poor nations (Mack, 2009). Thus, world poverty may benefit a few countries. Reference List Ezeonu, I.C. Poverty and the environment: sociologizing environmental protection in sub-Saharan Africa. Review of Black Political Economy, 31(3), 33-42. Kendall. D. (2010). Social problems in a diverse society. 5th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Mack, E. (2009). Absolute poverty and global justice: empirical data, moral theories, initiatives. New York: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. Pogge, W.T. (2008). World poverty and human rights: cosmopolitan responsibilities and reforms. United Kingdom: Polity. Wade, R.H. (2004). On the causes of increasing world poverty and inequality, or why th e Matthew effect prevails. New Political Economy, 9 (2), 163-188.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Whitman, S. (2008). World poverty. Infobase Publishing: New York. This essay on Poverty and the Environment was written and submitted by user Tomas A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Ancient Spartans Had a Murderous Secret Police

The Ancient Spartans Had a Murderous Secret Police If 300 taught us anything, its that the Spartans were a hardy and courageous group. But they werent the nicest to their own people, punishing young people brutally for infractions, and even utilizing the youth as a secret service! Meet the krypteia, a sort of Hitler Youth of Sparta. When a Training Procedure Goes Really,  Really Wrong According to ancient sources, the krypteia were as vicious as they came. Its members were chosen for their discretion and probably their hardiness, intelligence, and resourcefulness. As Plato has Megillus recount in his  Laws,  Spartan youths underwent training, widely prevalent amongst us, in hardy endurance of pain in the form of beatings, but it was the krypteia that was the most brutal of all. That kind of work was a wonderfully severe training. So what was their deal? Apparently, the idea for the krypteia mightve come from the  laws of Lycurgus,  the king of Spartan legalese; his reforms were, according to  Plutarch,  efficacious in producing valour, but defective in producing righteousness.   Writes Plutarch: I certainly cannot ascribe to Lycurgus so abominable a measure as the ‘krypteia,’ judging of his character from his mildness and justice in all other instances. Over time, the krypteia  evolved  from a form of uber-advanced fitness training to a sort-of-secret  guerrilla  force. The group appears to have had some representation in the mainstream Spartan army, as well; in Plutarchs  Cleomenes, a fellow named Damocles is given the title of commander of the secret service contingent. But  Damoteles doesnt get  the greatest rep - he was bribed to betray his own people to  the enemy - and the people he represented seem to have been even worse. The organization of the krypteia seems to have been in direct opposition to the regular hoplites in  the Spartan army, as if the very way it was set up made it different of special. The hoplites were organized, fought in a phalanx, and worked as a team; in contrast, the krypteia fought in secret, went out in  irregular groups and missions, and stayed away from Sparta proper, working and living on  the frontier. The Bad,  the Worst, and the  Really Ugly As Plutarch tells it, the Spartan leaders would periodically send the young men of the krypteia out into the country at large. What for, you might ask? The young soldiers would hide themselves until they came across groups of people called helots.  At night, they came down into the highways and killed every Helot whom they caught. Even during the day, the krypteia massacred  the helots working in the fields. The  Ephors, the leaders of Sparta, made formal declaration of war upon the helots, in order that there might be no impiety in slaying them. Perhaps, as some scholars have theorized, serving in the krypteia allows soldiers to practice stealth and cunning .But what the krypteia did was basically state-sanctioned massacre! Who were the helots? Why did the Spartan magistrates commission their young warriors to kill them? The helots were serfs owned by the Spartan state, basically slaves; the Roman historian Livy claims that they were a race of rustics, who have been feudal vassals even from the earliest times.  The krypteia was a force the government utilized to keep the helots in their place,  according  to Brandon D. Ross.  Aristotle discusses the helots in his  Politics, saying that the mere necessity of policing a serf class is an irksome burden. What freedoms do you give them? How much leeway  should  they get? he asks. The relationship between the Spartans and the helots was fractious at best. Once upon a time, the people of Spartan-ruled Messenia and the helots revolted against the Lacedaemonian lords. They took  advantage of the chaos that ensued after the earthquakes of 464 B.C., but that didnt work, and the Spartans kept up their cruel treatment.   How else did the Spartans torture the helots? Heres our pal Plutarch: For instance, they would force them to drink too much strong wine, and then introduce them into their public messes, to show the young men what a thing drunkenness was. They also ordered them to sing songs and dance dances that were low and ridiculous, but to let the nobler kind alone. The Spartan torture of the Helots wasnt a one-time thing. On one occasion, Livy recounts how, being charged with an intention to desert, they were driven with stripes through all the streets, and put to death. Another time, two thousand helots mysteriously disappeared in a possible act of genocide; then, on a different occasion, a bunch of helots were suppliants at the minor Temple of Poseidon Taenarius, but were seized from that sacred spot. That kind of sacrilege - violating the sanctuary of a temple - was as awful as it got; the right of asylum was a truly valued one. Shame on Sparta!

Operations management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Operations management - Essay Example They all convert inputs in order to provide outputs which are required by the customer.† The resources that go into an operating system include materials (physical items that are consumed), machines (physical items that are used), and labor (people who provide or contribute to the operation of a system). The transformation process is one that adds value to the goods or services that are offered by a business. Wild (2002, pg. 6) says that operations management â€Å"is concerned with the design and the operation of systems for manufacture, transport, supply, or service.† The activities you would expect to find in an operating system include manufacturing, which consists of process, match, batch, and jobbing (where something is physically created); transporting (where something is moved from where it was created to a different place); supply (where ownership is changed), and service (where someone or something is accommodated). An operating system is, â€Å"a reflection of the purpose it serves for its customer, i.e., the utility of its output to the customer (Wild, 2002, pg. 4). The external influences of the design of any system can necessarily vary. Examples of these include money, utilities, the external marketplace, the economy, the weather, disastrous situations, the state of the company, stakeholder opinions and actions, the availability of materials, the availability of machines, the availability of labor, the labor market, the availability of proper facilities, the demand for the products or services that are being offered, and the availability of transportation for goods that have been manufactured. 2. A company with poor productivity & customer service record wishes to improve throughput, reduce operating expenses and inventories by installing better process technology. What would you recommend and why? Improving throughput, reducing operating expenses and inventories will take quite a bit of organization on the part of the company. In

Nurse Practice in NYS versus Florida State Assignment

Nurse Practice in NYS versus Florida State - Assignment Example A noteworthy provision in NPAs is the creation of nursing boards that govern nursing practices in every state. NPAs were not in existence before 1903, hence, before this period, people practiced nursing in whichever manner they wanted. Before this period, quality care to patients was not taken into consideration, thus, the birth of Nurse Practice Acts was a boost towards quality patient care in the US (Fulton, 2010). NYS Nurse Practice Act Established in 1948, the NYS NPA governs nursing procedures in the state. Section 6902 of the Act defines the practice of nursing as a profession of treating and diagnosing people with actual health problems. It further stipulates that registered nurses ought to be licensed when conducting tasks pertaining to health counseling, health teaching and provision of restorative and supportive care (Fulton, 2010). a) License Requirements Anyone using the title of ‘Registered Nurse’’ is expected to get a certificate from the NYS Educati on Department, and to receive the practice certificate in the state, one must meet the education requirements as stipulated by the department. Furthermore, one must have a registered NYS license that indicates that he/she is a registered nurse. A registered nurse in NYS is expected to specialize in a particular area before a license can be offered. Currently, there are many specialty areas in nursing including Adult Health, Community Health, College Health, Gerontology, Family Health, Neonatology, Pediatrics, Holistic Care, Obstetrics, Gynecology, Palliative Care, Psychiatry and Perinatology (Fulton, 2010). However, one may be authorized to practice in more than one specialty. Before one can be authorized to practice in more than one specialty, one is required to obtain a certificate of every specialty that shows that he/ she has met the set educational requirements. Once the authorization has taken place, one is expected to maintain the professional nurse license and the RN certifi cate. Certificate fees in each RN specialty area amount to $85, $50 being the application fee and $35 being the initial registration fee. However, these fees are subject to change. Applicants are required not to send fee in the form of cash, but instead they are required to mail their fees and applications to the NYS Education Department. All practitioners who have been licensed are expected to adhere to the NYS NPA rules of conduct. These rules are well defined in the Education Law which has highlighted clearly all definitions of professional and unprofessional conduct. The laws, rules and regulations for RN in NYS are all contained in Title 8 of the NYS Education Law. Therefore, every licensee is governed by these rules and laws (Bullough, 2004). b) Education Requirements and Training Before certification as a NYS RN, one is expected to satisfy the education requirements that are stipulated in the NYS Education Law. One is expected to meet the criteria of section A or section B or section C ,and in addition to this one, must meet requirements for section D. Criteria A requires that one must complete a NP educational program as offered by the NYS Education Department. Criteria B allows one to be a practitioner if there is certification of nursing practice from any of the following; American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, American Nurses Credentialing Center,

Studying Abroad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Studying Abroad - Essay Example g number of students spending semesters in other countries."Safety and security of the students is obviously the top priority for all programs," says Brian Whalen, president of the Forum on Education Abroad, a non-profit group for study-abroad providers. When deaths do occur, "thats tragic," he says. (USA TODAY 3) Everyone has different experiences and reasons for studying abroad. Â  Some students will study abroad to discover a new career path or to look good in a job interview, while other might want to gain interpersonal skills. Students are choosing to study abroad and take on the major challenge of being immersed in one’s culture. According to the Unesco’s Institute for Statistics, they’ve found that the number of study abroad students worldwide will keep increasing every year by about 12 percent. This growth fosters and showcases the curiosity of cultural encounters and growth in the knowledge through cross-cultural experiences.( http://thecollegetourist.com On April 22,

Mining Industry Composite Performance Framework

Mining Industry Composite Performance Framework The objective of this research dissertation is to provide useful and well-researched data as well as a substantial volume of heuristic information to develop a framework that will assist change managers to effectively apply and implement change in the mining and related industries. Chapter 2 introduces the research framework, research assumptions and the use and justification of case study methodologies. 5.2 Research framework. This chapter will state the research assumptions and the methodologies used in this research. Case studies as a methodology will be considered and justified. This research has embraced a qualitative phenomenological paradigm or an approach that concentrates on the study of consciousness and the objects of direct experience. This was undertaken by using case studies together with this researchers heuristic experience. Ontology is the philosophical field around (the study of) the nature of reality (all that is or exists, the reality), and the different entities and categories within reality. Epistemology is the philosophical field around (the study of) knowledge and how to reach it. One might say that it includes the ontology of knowledge. The difference between oncology and epistemology is that ontology is what reality actually is, whilst epistemology is what we perceive and describe reality to be. By making use of case studies both the ontological as well as the epistemological assumptions are fulfilled. It is the experience of this researcher that by having an articulated vision for change, team members can prepare themselves for accepting the change as well as understanding and accepting their involvement and contribution to future change. Well-managed change is the continuum to success. The new direction and vision must be defined in clear concise terms, to allow everyone concerned to be able to accept and even look forward to the change. All levels within the organisation should have an input relevant to their experience; this creates a sense of ownership. In fact, all employees should be encouraged to provide their input. The two paradigms generally used for research are quantitative and qualitative research. The available literature on change management relating to the mining and associated industries is limited. Qualitative research is primarily exploratory research. It is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. The quantitative research was not deemed suitable for this research because statistical measurement of outcomes were not deemed suitable, since the only measure would have been fiscal in nature and not suitable for publication. Qualitative research is also used to reveal trends in thought and opinions, and delve deeper into the problem. Qualitative data collection methods vary using unstructured or semi-structured techniques. Some common methods include teams (team information dissemination meetings), individual interviews, and observation s. This researcher has used qualitative data for the case studies in order to demonstrate a practical clear and unbiased approach to implementing change management into the mining industry. Quantitative research is used to quantify the problem by way of generating data that can be transformed into useable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviours, and other defined variables and generalise results from a larger sample population. Quantitative Research uses measurable data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. The first part of this section provides an overview of the case study methodology, and this is followed by a justification for the use of the case studies as the research method for this research. Case study research brings us to an understanding of a complex issue or range of issues and can add substance to what is already known through previous research. For some years, researchers have made use of the case study research method, across a variety of disciplines. Scientists, have made wide use of this qualitative research method to examine current real-life circumstances and provide the basis for the claim of ideas and extension of methods. The well-known researcher Robert K. Yin defines the case study research method as an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence are used (Yin, 1984, p. 23). Case study research, through reports of past studies, or even diary notes as is the case in this dissertation, demonstrates the identification, resolution and implementation of solutions to problems and issues. It can be a reliable research methodology if utilised correctly. A reason for the acceptance of case study as a research method, is that researchers in general, were becoming more anxious about the confines of quantitative methods in providing holistic and in-depth explanations of the social and behavioural problems in question. By using case study methods, a researcher is able to go beyond the quantitative statistical results and understand the behavioural conditions. By including both quantitative and qualitative data, the case study will help to explain both the process and outcome of a phenomenon through complete observation, reconstruction and analysis of the cases under investigation (Tellis, 1997). Past literature reveals the application of the case study method in many areas and disciplines. Among them include natural examples in the fields of Sociology (Grassel Schirmer, 2006), law (Lovell, 2006) and medicine (Taylor Berridge, 2006). There are also other areas that have used case study methods widely, particularly in government, management and in education. As an example, there were studies conducted to determine whether specific government programmes were efficient or whether the goals of a particular programme were reached. In many cases, a case study method selects a small geographical area or a very limited number of individuals as the subjects of study. Case studies, in their true essence, explore and case study as a research method to investigate contemporary real-life situation through detailed relative analysis. Yin (1984:23) defines the case study research method as an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence are used. Case studies observe the specific data at the minute stages. In this research, the researcher has consulted to numerous mining companies whilst implementing change within their organisations. During these projects this researcher kept diary notes for future reference. Strategies were used that were successful in previous projects that were similar, and the culmination of the total of these is what gave rise to the CPF. Where implementation of an objective did not go according to plan, the execution methodologies were reworked to suit the particular needs of that company. The research design is more than a work standard plan. The main purpose of the design is to help to avoid the situation in which the evidence does not address the initial research questions. In this sense, a research design deals with a logical problem and not a logistical problem. As a simple example, suppose you want to study a single organisation. The research questions, however, have to do with the mining organisations relationships with other organisations or divisions as well as their competitive or collaborative nature. Only three cases studies were adopted for this dissertation in order to show that the CPF can work in varied environments, in different countries with success. In these case studies a sample of mining operations were taken from a broad spectrum of mines, countries and stages of development as detailed in section 5.6. The objective of this research is to identify issues within the greater mining industry and then offer plausible and workable solutions to implementing change in the industry that will be sustainable, and facilitate productivity in the process. Much of the solutions are derived from this researchers own experience in implementing change in mining companies. There is a gap in the literature with regard to what has been researched in this dissertation, and this dissertation will partially fill that gap. This researcher is of the considered opinion that the Composite Performance Framework which he developed over many years is far more suited and adaptable to the mining industry. It is correct to assume that the Kotter 8 step process will work well in many situations, as can be seen above. References Kotter, J. (1996). Leading Change. [Kindle Edition]. Retrieved from http://Amazon.com Larkin, DJ. Larkin S. (2006). 3rd edn. Communicating big change. Larkin communication consulting. Larkin, DJ. Larkin S. (Unspecified date). Communicating change to employees, Sponsored by:ÂÂ   the Australian human resources institute Larkin, DJ. (Dr.) Larkin S.(2006) Communicating Big Change. Larkin Communication Consulting. 3rd Edn. Wood, I. Maxwell, J.M. 2006. 22. John Wiley Sons. Australia. 1st Austr Wood, Zeffane, Fromholtz, Fitzgerald, Schermerhorn, JR. Hunt, JG. Osborn, RN. (2006). Organisational behaviour; core concepts applications. John Wiley sons. Australia. Yin, R.K. (1984). Case study research: Design and methods. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Tellis, Winston, (1997). Introduction to Case Study. The Qualitative Report, Volume 3, Number 2, July. (http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR3-2/tellis1.html). Lovell, G.I., (2006). Justice Excused: The Deployment Of Law In Everyday Political Encounters. Law Society Review, 40 (2): 283-324 June.

Confederate States Of America Essay -- essays research papers

"Don't kneel to me. You must kneel to God only, and thank him for the liberty you will enjoy hereafter" (Brinkley 414). President Abraham Lincoln spoke these words to a former slave that kneeled before him while walking the streets of the abandoned Confederate capitol of Richmond in 1865. Although there are several different questions of why the North won the Civil War, factors involving manpower, economy, military tactics and leadership, and presidential leadership, are all parts of a puzzle historians have tried to put together for years. I believe that these four factors should prove to be the most powerful reasons for the Union's destruction of the Confederate States of America. The presidential leadership of Lincoln will be revealed as the major influence over the other three factors. According to Robert Krick, an interviewee of Carl Zebrowski's article "Why the South Lost the Civil War," "the basic problem was numbers. Give Abraham Lincoln seven million men and give Jefferson Davis and Robert E. Lee twenty-one million, cognitive dissonance doesn't matter, European recognition doesn't matter, the Emancipation Proclamation and its ripple effect don't matter. Twenty-one to seven is a very different thing then seven to twenty-one" (Zebrowski 223). Despite the North's enormous population advantage over the South during the Civil War, other wars proved that size doesn't matter. For example, the Colonist's success in the American Revolution proved to Great Britain that America was an insignificant, but a successful opponent. "While Northern superiority in numbers and resources was a necessary condition for Union Victory, it is not a sufficient explanation for that victory," says James McPherson (Zebrowski 224). When looking at economic factors in the Civil War, we find that the war had a devastating effect on the South and a converse effect on the North. Because of the Northern blockade and the disconnection of Southern farmers from markets in the North, sales of cotton became nearly impossible. In the North, the war produced the same suffering as in the South, but "it also produced prosperity and economic growth by giving a major stimulus to both industry and agriculture," says Brinkley (Brinkley 384). Since all Southern products were out of reach for Northern Americans, the North enacted a completely natio... ...rs a sense of nationalism by letting them know that they didn't need help from other countries or from the seceded Southern states. Conversely, Confederate soldiers often disapproved of the Confederate president's own decisions for the South, rather than joint decisions with his cabinet. According to David Herbert Donald, of the article "Died of Democracy," "an Englishman reported that he had never heard such handsome cursing as when Confederate privates, off duty and "squatted cross-legged on beds," spent their evenings damning their superiors' "eyes and limbs" (Donald 84). Meaning the Confederacy's soldiers mocked their own government. In the North, Lincoln gave the Union armies the sense of enthusiasm and nationalism it needed to help breakdown the Confederate States of America. Lincoln and the North were destined to defeat the South. Regardless of whether it was manpower, resources, economy, or military, Lincoln knew he had the advantage and was not willing to let it go. Referencing the first quote of this report, Lincoln knew that God was on his side and that he was the man that would lead the slaves to their God-given right to freedom.